Transmitting apparatus for electric signaling.



` R0. PEDBRSEN. v i TRANSMITTINGAPPARATUS FOR ELECTRIC SIGNALING.

APPLIOATION FILED SEPT. ze', 1909..

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TRANSMITTING APPARATUS FOR ELECTRIC SIGNALING. APPLICATION FILED SEPT.28, 1909.

1,091,159, Patented Mar.24,1914.

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FEDER OLU'F FEDER/SEN, OF COPENHAGEN, DENMARK.

TEANSMITTING APPARATUS Eon ELECTRIC SIGNALING.

p To all whom t may concern `Be it known that I, FEDER OLUF FEDER- mark,residing -at Copenhagen, Denmark, have invented certain' new and usefulImprovements in Transmitting Apparatus for Electric Signaling,rof whichthe following 1s a full, clear, and exact description.

Where great quantities of energy are use'd in transmitting apparatusesfor electrlc signaling, as for example in wireless telegraphy,the-closing and interruption of the electric circuits or'the productionof variations in the same in accordance with the signals, has hithertobeen subject to objectionable features. Arcs have been formed betweenthe Contact parts, soon damaging the same, even where 'such parts weremade of platinum. The objectionable phenomena are more pronounced andnoticeable when the telegraphic apparatus usedl is designed forcontinuous and rapid work, it being then necessary to make the contactpieces light -and thusmore exposed to deterioration by the formation ofarcs. 4

The present invention aims at removing these diiiculties by laying theinterruptions and closings or the producing of variations of the currentat an organ, where the formation of arcs can be reduced-.mosteffectively, and which can sustain this formation of arcs, (for instancecommutator disks), while the signaling iscontrolled by means ofcontacts, which are closed andinterrupted at such times, when thecircuits, in which they are inserted, are without current.' Below Aisexplained how-the device can be used for producing interruptions andclosings of a circuit in accordance with Morse\signals.

In the drawings: Figure l .sho-ws a top View of a modification of .anapparatus according to the invention; F ig. 2 a side viewA ofthe same;Fig. 3 a section through part of the apparatus, seen from the oppositeside to .that shown inl Fig. 2; Fig. 4 a section on the line A-B in Fig.3, showing one of the contact drums; Fig. 5 a circuit diagram; Fig. 6 aperforated diagram.

i The principle on which the operation of the-apparatus is based clearlyappears from Figs. 5 and 6. The paper-slip a., perforated by a puncherof known kind has two rows of holes, .besides the middle row, which isused for the motion of the slip. The holes Specication of LettersPatent.

paper slip, and Fig. 7 -a other on the same drum, which, between therows of pins, is provided with teeth for :the transport of t-liepaper-slip by means of the middle row vof holes in 'the same. Threeldrums e, f and g are arranged on the same shaft as the drum c, ci, andare provided withradialcontact pins, mechanically connected to the pinsb in such a way that, when a pin b protrudes above the circumference ofthe drum, .a corresponding pin emerges above the circumference of one ofthe drums e, f or g. Each of the, pins on th-e drum d correspondsto 'apin on the drum g, which pins correspond to the dots in Morse signals,while every other pin-on the drum c is co-n-4 nected with a pin on'thedrum e, and each of the remaining pins with a pin on the drum f. Thepins on the drum 0 correspond to the dashes in Morse signals.

71., z'-, and 7c indicate commutator disks with thereto belongingcouples of sliding contacts m, n, and 0 and all of these commutatordisks are arranged on the same shaft, which shaft makes a quarter of arevolution when a pin on the drum g has moved to the Aplace of the pinin front of same. In the modification shown. the disk is provided withfour conducting segments, each covering one lPatented Mar, 24,191.4.Application filed September 28, 1909. Serial'No. 520,023.

eighthof the circumference, while each of L the disks L and t' isprovided with two conducting segments, each covering three eighths ofthe circumference of the disk, but co-relatively angularly displacedv90" as shown inthe drawing. The sliding-contacts 'y m, n, and o arearranged 1n such a manl ner, .that the couples of sliding-contacts n ando are found each in the middle of an insulating part, theslidingcontacts 'm at the same time being disposed vin the middlefof aconducting segment. When the pins on the drums e, f, and g protrudeabove the circumference, they wil-l effect closing of contacts y Morsesignals is to take placejand the con- A the'wires s and t.

tact-s m and p are arranged in series; likewise n and g' and'o and 1',as it appears from tlie'drawing, while the three couples of contactsarel arranged in The device acts Vin the following` manner If in thepaper-slip ahole be found correspending to a dot, and a pin on the drumel y so protrudes through the same,lthe corresponding pin on the drum gwillprotrude and effeet contact between the springs 7 4when passing sameduring the rotation of the drum. The contact point between the springs ris at the rst momentwithout curreltibecause the'sliding-contacts oarranged in series with the saine are disposed on an insulatingpart',.and the circuit is only closed by the sliding-contacts 'o beingconnected throughda conducting segment. VVhen'the same vhas passedthesliding-contacts 0 the circuit is interrupted, and only then the pin onthe drum g permits the contact-springs r to separate from each other. Itis thus understood that the durationof the closing of the circuitcorresponds to the time required by a conducting segment on the disk 7c.for moving its own breadth, and that closing and interruption and theformation of sparks incurred thereby, solely take place at the saidsegments and not at the -contactsprings 7.

effect a closing of circuit, for instance through the -contact springs nand g,lasting three times the time corresponding to a dot, the rbreadthof a conduct-ing segment on the disk i being three times as large asthat of a l half as many segments as ona commutatordisk corresponding.to dots can be had, as a dash plus a space must bedouble as long as adot plus a space, and it is not possible lto producel all imaginablecombinations by means of one single disk corresponding to dashes. Thiswill clearly appear from Fig.- 7 By means of the disk e' a series ofdashes I can be produced, and some of these can- -equal to an evenmultiple of L.

parallel` in relation to.

In the same mannena hole in" the paper-slip corresponding toa dash willbe possible, starting from a certain point O,

F1g.\7,' to commence a signal (dot or dash) at a distance from O equalto 0, 2L, 4L, 6L,

etc., or in other wprds at a distance from O As regards the dots thedisk will be able to comply with this requirement, while the disk t isonly able to commencea dash at a distance from O equal to 2L, GL, lOL,etc., or in other words at a distance from O equal to twice an unevenmultiple of L.

If a second disk L be at disposal, by means of which it is possible toproducenl series of dashes H placed ina-elation to the other dashes' andthe dots in the manner represented in Fig. 7, it is possible b y meansof the same to produce dashes commencing at va distance from O equa-l to0, flL, 8L, 12L,

etc., or in other words at a distance-from O4 equal to twice' aneven-multiple of L. It is thus always possible (eithenby means ofthe'disk z' or la) to produce a dash commend ing at a distance from Oequal to an even multiple of L.v i

Of course thefmodilication shown is only to be considered as an example,`and any other number of pins and segments can be used without alteringthe principle.

'Carrying out in practice an apparatus working in accordance with theabove princple, it is' to be considered, that the worke ected by thepaper-slip by pressing in the pins 'on the drum c, d, cannot be verygreat, as' the paper would then be perforated by the pins, and each ofthe ins on the drum c, d could not thus. be simp y connected with `thecorresponding pin on the drums e, f, and

y f, or g, as this would require an amount of energy so considerable,that 'the paper-slip would'bel perforated by the pins. An arrangementhas therefore been provided accordin to which the pins on the drums c,f, and g .eforecommencing'to act, are found in a withdrawnspring-'actuated and locked position, andu'the pressing down of a pin ion the drum c, d only causes releasing of the pin inquestion on the drume, f,'or g, some time before the pin is to act. The withdrawal of thepin in question against the ac. tuating springand the locking iseffected by means of the energy effecting the rotation of the drums.

, c, (l, diagrammatically indicated in Fig.

while the drum 5 corresponds to the drum g, and the drum 6 to the drumsc and f of., said 'ligure The shaft 3 carries on one end thereof a gear7, which meshes With the pinion'S on the shaft 9; Which shaft carriesthree commutatordisks 10, 11, and 12, corresponding to the disks g, f,and e, 4of Fig. 5 respectively. While in Fig. 5 only a few segments areshown on the commutatordisks, a greater number are used in practice; butthe gearing between the two shafts 3 and 9 is ,chosen in such a manner,thatthe action becomes nevertheless the same d. e.

a pin on 'the drum 4 moves to thev place oc? cupied by the pin in frontat the same time as a segment on the disk 10 moves to the place of thesegment in front of same. The

length ofthe conducting segments on thedisks 11 and 12 is about threetimes as large as thel length of a segment on the disk 10. The shaft 9is rotated'by means of a motor and the pulley 13. The insulating partson the disks 10, 1-1, and 12 are in the drawings marked with a cross.Against the circumference of each of the disks 10, 11, and 12 are aplurality ofsliding contact-springs, 14, 15; 16, 17, and 18, 19respectively, corresponding vto the sliding-contacts m, a, and 0, Fig.5. The contacts corresponding to the contact couples p, g, and r areindicated by 20, 21; 21, 22; and 23, 24 and consist of springs which canbe connected conductively with each other When the pins 25, 26, and 27'on the drums 5 and 6 are located in a protruding position, said pinscarrying the tube-pieces 28 on their extremities, and beingvinsulatedfrom the same; such pieces effecting electrical connection as indicatedin Fig. 1. A,

The drum 4 is partly surrounded by a fixed screen 29, and thepaperfslip'is introduced between the latter and the drum. The

the paper-slip, with 'exception ofwhere holes are found in the latter,through which holes the pins in question can .protrude'into the grooves1n the screen 29. The p1ns.31.`

and 32 are on the4 sides provided lwith a notch and each pin is keptoutward by means of a spring 34. For each pin 31 and 32 is provided ahorizontal rod 35, actuated by a spring 36l which presses said rodsagainst the sides of the pins 31 and The springs 3G pass through ltheholesin the rods 35 and can be acted upon by a ring 37 rotating withthedruni,(5 or- 6), and are kept pressed against the row of springs 36 witha suitable pressure, the said rings being'kept ina suitable obliqueposition, as shown in Fig. 1, by means of a'fi-Xed ring 39, providedwith rolls 38. The drum 5 is provided with as many radial pins 25asthere are pins 31,

and each of the pins 25 is `acted upon by a spring 40 which tends topress the same outward. Each of the drums 5 and 6 is surrounded by a.bowl-shaped cap 41 and 42, the axis of rotation of the samebeingdisposed at the same height as that of the shaft 3, but somewhat-latelrally 'displaced toward the contact-springs -20---24 (Figs. 1 and4). The

motion is transmitted from the drums 5 and 6 by mea-ns of pins 43passing loosely through holes 44 in the bottom of the caps l41 and 42.'The pins 25, 26, and 27 are onv the sides provided with notches 45, inwhich the. ends of the rods 35 can engage when the pins arepressed in.The pins 25, 2G, and 27 are likewise provided with transverse-pins 4G,limiting the outward movement of the pins by striking against the insideof the wallof the caps 41 and 42, and thereby serves to force back thepins during tl-1e ro tation of the operative parts.

The parts of the apparatus are electrically connected inthe mannerclearly appearing from the dotted lilies in Fig. 2. The termi.

nals by which the apparatus is connected to the source of the currentwhich is to be interrupted or closed are indicated by 47.

The apparatus acts in the following manner: Inthe'ipositionl to the leftin Fig. 4 a pin 25 has been pressed in on account' of the eccentricmounting ofthe cap 41. The corresponding yrod 35 then engages in thenotch '45 and is kept in this position owing to the ring 37, which is`placed obliquely in relation to the drum, pressing against thecorresponding spring 36.- -It will be seen that a rod 35 by ak pin, forinstance 32, Fig. 3, is prevented from moving toward'the middle of theapparatus and from bing'disengaged from the notch 45 and letting 'loosethe correspondingpin v2G as long as the pin 32 iskept pressed down bythe paper-slip. In the position II, Fig. 4, the ring 37 will ceaseacting upon the row of springs 36,-and the freeing or non-freeing of thepin 26 will protrude, thus releasing the correspondingpins 25, 2G, and27, while the other pins 'are kept down by the paper, thereby preventingthe pins 25, 26, and 27 in question/from bef paratus is to press in thesmall pins 31 and ing released. Vhen a pin 25, 26, or 27 has assumed itsoutermost position, it will in the position 111, VF ig. 4, incur closingof the circuit between the contact-springs' 23), 24; 2l, 22; or 20, 2lrespectively.- Vhen the rotation of the drum is continued so as to bringthe pins 25, Fig. 4; from the position 111 back to the position 1, theeccentric cap tl will act upon 4the transverse-pins 46 and thereby bringback all of the pins 25,- which might have been released.

It will be seen, that. all that the paper-slip has to do during itspassage through the ap- 32 `which do not meet with any hole in the paperslip, and further, that all the Working parts et' the apparatus haveplenty of time for effecting their functions. For instance a pin 25,Fig. l, will have at its disposal, for emergence, 'the time required byt-he drum for making a quarter of a revolution (from .the position 11 tothe position 111) and half a revolution (from the position 111 to't-he pposition 1) for being carried back.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of the saidinvent-ion and in what manner the same is to be performed, 1 declarethatavhajwlclaim is l. 1n combinationin a transmitting apparatus forautomatic electric signaling, a signal emitting controlling .devicecomprising a plurality of revoluble drums, contact makingu parts, andradially movable members carried by said drums, a spark-arresting deviceincluding contact making elements for preventing sparking between saidcontact making'parts, electrical connections co-acting with said devicesto form a partial circuit, and mechanism for operating said contactmaking partsA and elements, contact between the elements aforesaid being'effected before contact is made between the contact making partsaforesaid, and the partial cirlbreaking said circuit, said auxiliarycontact making elements being normally energized when actuated tty-makeor break circuit.

3. 1n combination in a transmitting-apparatus for automatic electricsignaling, a signal emitting controlling device comprising contactmaking parts, a sparkfarrestlng device for preventing sparking betweensaid contact making parts, including rotatable and .stationary contactmaking elements, electrical connections co-acting with saiddevices toform a partial circuit, and mechanism for rotating said parts andelements atprede'termined proportional speeds, contact betweenthelcontact making elements being effected by said mechanism beforecontact is made between tlieontact making parts aforesaid, andthe'partial circuit being interrupted at the spark-arresting devicebefore said parts are separated, said auxiliary contact making elementsbeing normally electrically encrgized when actuated to make or breakcircuit.

1n Witness whereof, 1 subscribe my signature, in-the presence of twoWitnesses.

FEDER OLUF FEDER-SEN. Witnesses V1GG0 BLOM, C. V. SCHON.

